Top 6 Programming Languages to Learn in 2021
For someone as a beginner, or changing their career we have often found learners asking this question "What programming languages I should start with?", or "what are the top programming languages right now?" I did too, and while I was looking for answers to these questions.
1. JavaScript
Javascript is a cross-platform scripting language that helps you create interactive web pages.
Why you should learn JavaScript?
- Front-End Development
- When used with HTML & CSS, JavaScript creates the most dynamic and interactive pages.
- React, Angular and Vue are popular Frontend JS technologies
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There are almost no limits to the things you can do with JavaScript
on a web page.
- Back-End Web Development
- JavaScript framework Node.js has contributed both to the backend & increasing the performance of the frontend.
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Node.js provides an environment containing the necessary tools
required for JavaScript to run on servers.
- Building Mobile Apps
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React Native can be used to build hybrid apps using CSS, HTML, &
JavaScript.
- Machine Learning
- TensorFlow.js is a popular machine learning JavaScript library.
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Develop ML models in JavaScript, and use ML directly in the browser
or in Node.js.
- Deep Learning
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Libraries - brain.js, ConvNetJS, deeplearn.js are there to train
neural networks in the browser.
Benefits
- The market of Javascript is enormous and is in demand right now in any part of the world.
- Having a programming language like JavaScript in your toolset will help you make more money regardless if you're working 9 - 5 job or freelancing.
- JavaScript is one of the highest-paying programming languages.
2. Python
Python is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language. It is one of the most important languages and must be part of any programmer's toolset.
Why you should learn Python?
- Web Development
- Web development relates to creating, deploying, and operating all applications and programming interfaces on the Internet. We can use Python for web development to create web-based applications. Generally, we use a combination of Python and JavaScript to accomplish this.
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Some of the most popular web development frameworks for
python include Django, Flask, Pyramid, Web2Py, and
Turbogears.
- Machine Learning
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Machine learning helps computers take in data without
being programmed. Python is used to set up the
computer, and the language is incorporated
throughout its learning process.
- Data Science
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It is one of the best languages used by data scientists for
various data science projects/applications. Python provides
great functionality to deal with mathematics, statistics, and
scientific function.
- IoT (Information of Technology)
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Python helps devices like cameras and games connect
to the Internet quickly.
Benefits
- Python is one of the most important programming languages and must be part of any programmer's toolset.
- It provides constructs that allow the developer to create software with fewer lines of code enabling better readability and less complexity.
- Once you learn Python, you'll never have a shortage of ways to utilize the skill.
- Python is popular and widely used.
3. C++
C++ is a general-purpose programming language created by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the C programming language, or "C with Classes". It includes classes, inheritance, polymorphism, data abstraction, and encapsulation
Why you should learn C++?
- Game Developer
- C++ being the fastest language is highly useful for making the game engines, game development tools, etc for game development.
- Game Development is a very creative field.
- Software Architect
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As a C++ Software Architect, you would entail fulfilling the criterion
of a software engineer with more than 5+ years of experience and have
the working experience of as many as C++ projects possible.
- Embedded Engineer
- C++ finds great application in embedded systems as well along with the implementation of features of object-oriented programming.
- One needs to be proficient with C++ for being an embedded engineer.
Benefits
- C++ is not just a powerful programming language. It's also the base of many other programming languages, so this knowledge will serve you well, even when you are not using C++.
4. Java
Java is a powerful class-based, object-oriented, general-purpose programming language.
Why you should learn Java?
- Web Development
- Services like peer-web services, database connectivity, and back-end services can also be accessed via Java web development.
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Java is perfect for developing large web applications too because of
its ability to communicate with a large number of systems.
- Android App Development
- The level of scalability that Java provides is a major reason for its popularity in the software development world.
- Java has platform-independent feature so it is used for android development.
- Enterprise-Class Application
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Java was built with this purpose in mind, with a design tailored to
performance in enterprise-scale workloads.
- Big Data
- Java tools used in big data (Hadoop, Spark, Mahout) are open-source, such a tech stack is free and highly flexible.
Benefits
- Java is quite popular as a Programming Language in the Industry so you can get good opportunities if that is what you are looking for.
- You can use Java to implement any kind of Software. It can be an Enterprise Application, a Website, a Desktop application, a Search Engine or a Gadget. You can say this can be done with any Programming Language, which is quite true.
- Java is a Secure platform, thanks to its Virtual Machine. This is one of the primary reasons Companies worldwide are using this Language. So it's here to stay.
- Android App Development is gaining momentum and if you are familiar with Java then learning Android will be easier for you.
5. R Language
R is a programming language, mainly dealing with the statistical computation of data and graphical representations.
Why you should learn R?
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Best language for Data Science
- R is the most popular language in the world of Data Science. Some of the facilities which make R the gold standards in today's data-driven world are: - Codes can be run without a compiler.
- Vector-based language
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Libraries like ggplot2, plotly that offer aesthetic graphical
plots
- Go-to language for Statistics
- R is the standard language for Statistics. R was developed for statistics, by statisticians.
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R facilitates various statistical operations through its thousands
of packages.
- R can be used to develop amazing Web-Apps
- R provides you with the ability to build aesthetic web applications.
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Using the R Shiny package, you can develop interactive dashboards straight from the console of your R IDE. This makes it great to make visually appealing and data-driven apps.
- R is being used in almost every industry
- Industries ranging from finance, banking to medicine and manufacturing use R for portfolio management, risk analytics and optimize industrial processes.
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It is used in biology, genetics as well as bioinformatics for drug
discovery and genomic analysis.
- R is a gateway to a Lucrative Career
- R language is used extensively in Data Science and analysis.
- This field offers some of the highest-paying jobs in the world today. Data Scientists who are proficient in R make more than $117,000 on average per year.
Benefits
- With the increasing amount of data, the demand for people who can handle these data also increases.
6. Kotlin
Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose programming language with type inference.
Why you should learn Kotlin?
- Modern language.
- Easy to Learn.
- Great materials
- Career prospects
- Community support
It is a modern programming language that brings together the best of object-oriented and functional programming. Some of the most promising features of Kotlin include clean compact syntax, security, general-purpose, and more.
Kotlin’s syntax is easy to learn for beginners and it offers a host of powerful features. It can be a great language to upskill for experienced programmers. It has a shallow learning curve especially if you have experience in Python or Java. The programming language is also quite easy for iOS developers as it is based on familiar concepts of modern technology.
There are ample materials available on Kotlin that learners can leverage to have a good grasp of the programming language. There are numerous courses that a beginner can start with. Most of these courses are self-paced and offer great insights into the programming language. Also, the developer community is quite huge so if learners get stuck or have queries they can always seek solutions from the developer community.
Many leading brands use Kotlin for their software and Kotlin skills are highly in demand. If estimates are to be believed, job postings related to Kotlin skills are skyrocketing since 2017 by 1400%.
Kotlin is an open-source language and has a strong community of developers. There are over 200 Kotlin user groups, over 37,000 Kotlinlang slack users, and thousands of other members. The community support is huge in Kotlin and it is constantly growing.
Benefits
- Kotlin is a modern programming language that allows you to write less code and be more productive
- Kotlin has an amazing integration with Android Studio, and it’s now the official language for app development
- Ease to learn
- High paying job opportunities
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